this paper reviews current development in researches of the field of microbial diversity in polluted soils at home and abroad based on the methods of isolating culture and biomarkers, and the knowledge of microbial diversity from the angles of different ecological levels, and explores advanced approaches, new ideas and issues in the research on soil microbial ecological processes aiming at new problems in soil pollution the world is faced with 本文基于分離培養(yǎng)以及生物標志分子方法,從不同生態(tài)層次上認識微生物多樣性,較全面、系統(tǒng)地綜合評述國內外污染土壤環(huán)境的微生物群落功能、結構及分子遺傳多樣性的研究進展,并針對新形勢下土壤污染所面臨的新問題,探討了近期土壤微生物生態(tài)學過程研究的重要手段與科學問題。